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QubitPulseOpt: GRAPE Pulse Optimization for Quantum Gates

Quantum ComputingOptimal ControlGRAPEPythonQuTiPReinforcement Learning

Status: Submitted for publication

GitHub: github.com/rylanmalarchick/QubitPulseOpt

Paper: arXiv:2511.12799

Overview

QubitPulseOpt is a professional-grade Python framework for quantum gate optimization using GRAPE (Gradient Ascent Pulse Engineering) with realistic noise modeling. The project demonstrates that high-fidelity quantum gate operations can be achieved through systematic pulse optimization, reaching 99.14% X-gate fidelity in closed-system simulations—a 77× error reduction compared to Gaussian baseline pulses.

Key Results

Metric Value
X-gate Fidelity (closed system) 99.14%
Gaussian Baseline Fidelity 33.40%
Error Reduction Factor 77.17×
Optimization Time 12.64s
Unit Tests 822
Code Coverage 74%

Project Architecture: Three Pillars

The project has evolved into a Quantum Reinforcement Learning Laboratory with three pillars:

Pillar I: The Brain (RL)

  • Gymnasium environment for quantum feedback control
  • PPO agent via stable-baselines3
  • Autonomous quantum control exploration

Pillar II: The Environment (Physics)

  • GRAPE and Krotov optimization algorithms
  • Lindblad master equation for T1/T2 decoherence
  • Stochastic master equation for trajectory simulation

Pillar III: The Watchdog (Analysis)

  • Criticality detection and phase slip analysis
  • Filter functions for noise characterization
  • Robustness testing and benchmarking

Technical Features

Core Physics Engine

Module Description
GRAPE Optimizer ~1250 lines, gradient ascent with line search, momentum, amplitude constraints
Krotov's Method Monotonically convergent alternative to GRAPE
Lindblad Master Equation T1/T2 decoherence, Ramsey experiments, thermal states
Stochastic Master Equation Quantum trajectory simulation for feedback control

Pulse Library

  • Gaussian, DRAG, Blackman, Cosine pulses
  • Pulse scaling and area normalization for π-pulses
  • Smooth pulse shaping for leakage suppression

Hardware Integration

Feature Status
IQM Backend Manager Complete (~933 lines)
IQM Translator Qiskit-to-IQM circuit conversion
Async Job Manager Asynchronous job submission
Hardware Characterization Parameter extraction

Hardware Connectivity: IQM Garnet 20-qubit superconducting processor (API verified)

Analysis & Visualization

  • Bloch sphere animation
  • Fidelity dashboards
  • Robustness testing
  • Filter functions
  • Benchmarking suite
  • Report generation

Verified Results

Results verified and documented in verified_results/PROVENANCE.md:

Metric Value
GRAPE X-gate Fidelity 99.14%
Gaussian Baseline 33.40%
Error Reduction 77.17×
Optimization Time 12.64s

Important Note: GRAPE optimization performed in closed quantum system (unitary evolution). Open-system GRAPE with decoherence is documented as future work.

Technology Stack

Category Technology
Quantum Simulation QuTiP 5.0+, NumPy, SciPy
Optimization GRAPE, Krotov, L-BFGS
RL Gymnasium, stable-baselines3
Hardware IQM Resonance API
Testing pytest (822 tests), GitHub Actions CI/CD

Recent Work

  • Comprehensive test suite expansion (108+ new tests)
  • Hardware integration test suite
  • arXiv preprint finalized with verified results
  • AI assistance disclosure added for ethical transparency
  • Barrier options and convergence analysis

Future Integration

This project integrates with:

Links

Citation

Malarchick, R. (2025). "GRAPE Pulse Optimization for Quantum Gates 
with Hardware-Representative Noise." Submitted. arXiv:2511.12799.